清醒

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The Chinese word 清醒 (qīng xǐng) is composed of two characters: 清 (qīng) and 醒 (xǐng). The character 清 originally meant "clear water" or "pure water", and later extended to mean "clear", "bright", or "clean". The character 醒 originally meant "to wake up" or "to become sober", and later extended to mean "to be aware" or "to be conscious". When combined, the two characters 清醒 form a compound word that means "to be clear-headed" or "to be sober-minded". In a figurative sense, 清醒 can also mean "to be rational" or "to be free from illusion".