xì jūn
เชื้อโรค; แบคทีเรีย
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细菌在显微镜下才能看到。
xìjūn zài xiǎnwēijīng xià cái néng kàn dào.
Bacteria can only be seen under a microscope.
细菌是引起疾病的微生物。
xìjūn shì yǐnqǐ jíbìng de wēishēngwù.
Bacteria are microorganisms that cause disease.
抗生素可以杀死细菌。
kàngshēngsù kěyǐ shāsǐ xìjūn.
Antibiotics can kill bacteria.
细菌 (xìjūn)
bacteria
微生物 (wēishēngwù)
microorganism
病毒 (bìngdú)
virus
真菌 (zhēnjūn)
fungus
The Chinese word for bacteria, 细菌 (xìjūn), is composed of two characters: 菌 (jūn) and 毒 (dú). 菌 originally meant "mushroom" or "fungus", while 毒 meant "poison" or "toxin". The combination of these two characters suggests that bacteria were once thought of as poisonous fungi. This etymology reflects the historical understanding of bacteria as harmful organisms, which has since been expanded to include beneficial bacteria as well.
