你
HSK niveau 1
Pinyin: nǐ
Oversættelse: du
OPDAGE HSK TRACKER
Start nu gratis你好吗? Nǐ hǎo ma? How are you?
你叫什么名字? Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi? What is your name?
你今年几岁了? Nǐ jīnnián jǐ suì le? How old are you?
您 (nín) you (formal)
尔 (ěr) you (literary)
汝 (rǔ) you (archaic)
我 (wǒ) I
他 (tā) he
The Chinese character 你 (nǐ) for "you" is composed of two parts: the radical 亻(rén) and the phonetic component 尔 (ěr). The radical 亻represents a person, while the phonetic component 尔 is a simplified form of the character 耳 (ěr), which means "ear". This suggests that the original meaning of 你 was "the one who listens" or "the one who is being listened to". Over time, the meaning of 你 has evolved to refer to the second person pronoun "you".The character 你 has a long history in Chinese writing. It first appeared in oracle bone inscriptions from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BC). In these early inscriptions, 你 was used as a possessive pronoun, meaning "your" or "yours". For example, the inscription "你牛" (nǐ niú) means "your ox".In later periods, 你 began to be used as a second person pronoun. This usage is first attested in bronze inscriptions from the Western Zhou dynasty (c. 1046-771 BC). In these inscriptions, 你 is used to address both superiors and inferiors. For example, the inscription "王曰: '你小子, 其来!'" (wáng yuē: "nǐ xiǎozi, qí lái!") means "The king said: 'You boy, come here!'"By the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), 你 had become the standard second person pronoun in Chinese. It is used in all registers of speech, from formal to informal.The character 你 is also used in other languages that have been influenced by Chinese, such as Japanese and Korean. In Japanese, 你 is pronounced as "anata" and is used as a polite way to address someone. In Korean, 你 is pronounced as "neo" and is used as the informal second person pronoun.