gǔ
ancien; vieux
古代的文化非常丰富。
gǔdài de wénhuà fēicháng fēngfù.
Ancient culture is very rich.
他喜欢研究古代历史。
tā xǐhuan yánjiū gǔdài lìshǐ.
He likes to study ancient history.
古人很有智慧。
gǔrén hěn yǒu zhìhuì.
The ancients were very wise.
今 (jīn)
modern
新 (xīn)
new
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The Chinese character 古 (gǔ) for "ancient" is composed of two parts: the radical 臼 (jìu) and the phonetic component 鼓 (gǔ). The radical 臼 originally depicted a mortar and pestle, and was used to represent things related to pounding or grinding. In the case of 古, it is used to indicate that the character is related to something old or ancient. The phonetic component 鼓, on the other hand, is a pictograph of a drum, and was used to represent sounds similar to "gǔ". When combined, the two components of 古 create a character that represents something old or ancient, and also has a pronunciation similar to "gǔ".
