zhù
exprimer de bons vœux; souhaiter
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祝你生日快乐!
Zhù nǐ shēngrì kuàilè!
Happy birthday to you!
祝你一切顺利!
Zhù nǐ yīqiè shùnlì!
I wish you all the best!
祝你心想事成!
Zhù nǐ xīnxiǎngshìchéng!
May all your wishes come true!
贺 (hè)
congratulate
祷告 (dǎogǎo)
pray
诅 (zǔ)
curse
骂 (mà)
scold
The Chinese character 祝 (zhù) is composed of two parts: 礻(shì), which is a radical indicating a ritual or sacrifice, and 者 (zhě), which means "one who does something." Together, these two parts suggest the idea of someone performing a ritual or offering a prayer.The earliest known use of 祝 dates back to the Shang dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BC), when it was used in oracle bone inscriptions. In these inscriptions, 祝 was often used in the context of religious ceremonies and rituals. For example, one inscription records a prayer for rain, in which the character 祝 is used to refer to the person who is offering the prayer.Over time, the meaning of 祝 expanded to include the idea of blessing or congratulating someone. This usage is first seen in the Book of Songs (c. 1000-600 BC), where 祝 is used to express good wishes for a person's health, happiness, and prosperity.In modern Chinese, 祝 is still used in the sense of blessing or congratulating someone. It is also used in the context of religious ceremonies and rituals. For example, 祝 is often used in the names of temples and other religious buildings.The character 祝 is a reminder of the importance of ritual and prayer in Chinese culture. It is also a symbol of the Chinese people's belief in the power of good wishes and blessings.